Weight of spring washers according to GOST 6402 70. Spring washer
/ GOST 6402-70 spring washer, Grover washer
A spring washer GOST 6402-70 or a Grover washer is a split round washer, the ends of which are located in different planes, which serves to prevent self-unscrewing of fasteners through its elastic deformation under load. It is made of spring steel 65G with subsequent heat treatment.
An increase in the contact area of the bolted connection of parts, as well as a decrease in pressure on the surface, is achieved using Grover washers of the required diameter.
Spring washers are used in mechanical engineering and instrument making as locking connection elements.
Grover washer should be manufactured without coating or with coatings. Types of coatings, their symbols and thicknesses - according to regulatory and technical documentation.
By installing a Grover washer, the stability of the mechanical connection is achieved.
Washer size range: M6, M8, M10, M12, M16, M20, M24, M27, M30, M36, M42, M48, M52.
Spring washer (grower washer GOST 6402) comes in four types:
- N - normal with a square cross section;
- T - heavy with a square cross section;
- OT - extra heavy with a square cross section;
- L - lightweight with a rectangular cross-section.
At the consumer's request, the Grover washer is coated using chemical galvanizing or thermal diffusion.
  |
| Nominal thread diameter of bolt, screw, stud | d | Types of washers | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lungs(L) | Normal(N) | Heavy(T) | Extra heavy (OT) | |||
| b | s | b=s | b=s | b=s | ||
| 2 | 2,1 | 0,8 | 0,5 | 0,5 | 0,6 | |
| 2,5 | 2,6 | 0,8 | 0,6 | 0,6 | 0,8 | |
| 3,0 | 3,1 | 1,0 | 0,8 | 0,8 | 1,0 | |
| 3,5 | 3,6 | 1,0 | 0,8 | 1,0 | 1,0 | |
| 4,0 | 4,1 | 1,2 | 0,8 | 1,0 | 1,4 | |
| 5,0 | 5,1 | 1,2 | 1,0 | 1,2 | 1,6 | |
| 6,0 | 6,1 | 1,6 | 1,2 | 1,4 | 2,0 | |
| 8,0 | 8,2 | 2,0 | 1,6 | 2,0 | 2,5 | |
| 10,0 | 10,2 | 2,5 | 2,0 | 2,5 | 3,0 | 3,5 |
| 12,0 | 12,2 | 3,5 | 2,5 | 3,0 | 3,5 | 4,0 |
| 14,0 | 14,2 | 4,0 | 3,0 | 3,2 | 4,0 | 4,5 |
| 16,0 | 16,3 | 4,5 | 3,2 | 3,5 | 4,5 | 5,0 |
| 18,0 | 18,3 | 5,0 | 3,5 | 4,0 | 5,0 | 5,5 |
| 20,0 | 20,5 | 5,5 | 4,0 | 4,5 | 5,5 | 6,0 |
| 22,0 | 22,5 | 6,0 | 4,5 | 5,0 | 6,0 | 7,0 |
| 24,0 | 24,5 | 6,5 | 4,8 | 5,5 | 7,0 | 8,0 |
| 27,0 | 27,5 | 7,0 | 5,5 | 6,0 | 8,0 | 9,0 |
| 30,0 | 30,5 | 8,0 | 6,0 | 6,5 | 9,0 | 10,0 |
Examples of symbols:
Grover washer GOST 6402 version 1 for a bolt, screw, stud with a diameter of 8 mm, normal, made of steel grade 3X13 without coating:
Washer 8 3Х13 GOST 6402-70
Grover light washer with a diameter of 10 mm made of steel grade 65G with a cadmium coating 9 microns thick, chromated:
Washer 10L 65G 029 GOST 6402-70
Light spring washer, version 2, diameter 16 mm with dimensions enclosed in brackets:
Washer 16L 65G 029 GOST 6402-70
Normal spring washer, version 2, diameter 20 mm with dimensions enclosed in brackets:
Washer 20 65G 029 GOST 6402-70
TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS.
Spring washers must be made of wire in accordance with GOST 11850-72 or according to other regulatory and technical documentation from steel grades 65G, 70 and 3X13. It is allowed to manufacture spring washers from bronze grade BrKMts3-1 according to GOST 18175-78 or other non-ferrous alloys.
The mass of steel washers and the calculated elastic force of 65G steel are indicated in the appendix.
Steel spring washers must have a hardness of 41.5-49.5, bronze washers must have a hardness of at least 90 >HRB. It is allowed to increase the hardness up to 51.5 HRC 50) for washers made of steel 70. The edge formed by the cutting plane and the supporting surface of the washer must be sharp.
The surface of the washers should be free of scale, burrs, cracks and corrosion. Traces of inseparable scale are not a rejection sign.
Defects are allowed in the cut plane that do not affect the performance characteristics of the washers and do not take its dimensions beyond the maximum deviations.
The ends of the washers must have a flat cut; chipping of metal that does not show size T from the maximum deviations, is not a rejection sign.
Trapezoidal cross-section of the washer within the height s is not a defect. The largest height dimension is taken as the actual thickness s
Washers must be manufactured uncoated or coated. Types of coatings, their symbols and thicknesses - according to regulatory and technical documentation. It is allowed to use other types of coating - in accordance with GOST 9.306-85. Technical requirements for coatings are in accordance with GOST 9.301-86.
Washers coated with cathodic reduction metal must be dehydrated.
Height of the ends of the washers h 1 And h 2 after compressing them three times to a flat state and holding them in this state for 24 hours, it should be at least 1.65 of the actual thickness of the washer. The washers should not break or crack when the ends are bent at 45°.
ACCEPTANCE RULES AND CONTROL METHODS.
Acceptance rules - according to GOST 17769-83 for rough precision products (accuracy class C).
Quality control of coatings is carried out according to a one-stage plan with a control level of 5-2 and an acceptance level of defects of 4% according to GOST 18242-72.
From each batch presented for delivery, washers are selected to check: appearance, size, hardness, viscosity, spring properties, coating quality.
The appearance of the washers is checked by inspection with the naked eye or using a magnifying glass of 2.5-3x magnification.
The dimensions of the washers are checked with universal measuring tools or gauges certified together with measurement methods in the manner established by GOST 8.010-90.
Determination of hardness - according to GOST 9013-59. The distance from the center of the print to the edge of the washer should be equal to half the size V. The hardness of washers with nominal diameters from 2 to 5 mm is not controlled. For washers with V< 6 мм допускаются заниженные на 10 % значения твердости.
To test toughness, the washer is clamped at one end in a vice, the other end is bent with an adjustable wrench or a lever with a slot in the direction of increasing dimensions. h 1 And h2 (damn1,2,3). During testing, the size must be maintained h between the jaws of the vice and the key, equal to 0.5 d.
Testing the spring properties of washers is carried out in the following order: 
a) the washer is compressed three times to a flat state;
b) spring washer, at least 10 pieces, separated from each other by flat washers, are put on the bolt shaft of the corresponding diameter and tightened with a nut until the separated ends of the washers are completely compressed.
The washers are kept in this state for 24 hours. Methods for checking the quality of coatings are in accordance with GOST 9.302-88.
Each batch must be accompanied by a quality document in the established form indicating: the name or trademark of the manufacturer, symbol of the washers, test results, net batch, kg.
Various types of washers, a large assortment, high quality and affordable prices for fasteners, Grover washers are always favorable conditions for cooperation.
Edition with Amendments No. 2, 3, approved in March 1973, December 1982 (IUS 3-73, 4-83).
By Resolution of the Committee of Standards, Measures and Measuring Instruments under the Council of Ministers of the USSR dated April 17, 1970 No. 532, the introduction date was set
01.01.72
This standard applies to spring washers for bolts, screws and studs with thread diameters from 2 to 48 mm.
The standard fully complies with ST SEV 2665-80.
1. DESIGN AND DIMENSIONS
1.1. Spring washers should be made of four types:
N - normal with a square cross section;
T - heavy with a square cross section;
OT - extra heavy with a square cross section;
L - lungs with a rectangular cross section.
1.2. The design and main dimensions of the washers must correspond to those indicated in the drawing. 1 and in the table.
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Nominal thread diameter of bolt, screw, stud |
Types of washers |
k, (for washers type L and N), no more |
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Light washers (L) |
Normal washers (N) |
Heavy washers (T) |
Extra heavy washers (OT) |
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Notes:
1. Increase in size is allowed s within 10% of the nominal size.
2. Washers with dimensions enclosed in brackets may be used until 01/01/85 and the letter “y” must be indicated in their designation.
Examples of symbols for a spring washer of version 1 for a bolt, screw, stud with a diameter of 8 mm:
normal steel grade 3Х13 without coating:
lightweight steel grade 65G with a cadmium coating 9 microns thick, chromated:
the same, version 2, with dimensions enclosed in brackets:
Sec. 1.
2. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
2.1. Spring washers must be made of wire in accordance with GOST 11850-72 or according to another NTD from steel grades 65G, 70 and 3X13.
It is allowed to manufacture spring washers from bronze grade BrKMts3-1 according to GOST 18175-78 or other non-ferrous alloys.
2.2. The mass of steel washers and the calculated elastic force of 65G steel are indicated in the appendix.
2.3. Steel spring washers must have a hardness of 41.5 - 49.5 HRC e (HRC 40-48), bronze washers must have a hardness of at least 90 HRB. It is allowed to increase hardness up to 51.5 HRC e (HRC 50) for washers made of steel 70.
2.4. The surface of the washers should be free of scale, burrs, cracks and corrosion. Traces of inseparable scale are not a rejection sign.
Defects are allowed in the cut plane that do not affect the performance characteristics of the washers and do not take its dimensions beyond the maximum deviations.
2.3, 2.4. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).
2.5. The ends of the washers must have a flat cut; chipping of metal that does not show size T from the maximum deviations, is not a rejection sign.
The edge formed by the cutting plane and the supporting surface of the washer must be sharp.
2.6. Trapezoidal cross-section of the washer within the height s is not a defect.
The largest height dimension is taken as the actual thickness s.
2.7. (Deleted, Amendment No. 3).
2.8. Washers must be manufactured uncoated or coated. Types of coatings, their symbols and thicknesses - according to the normative and technical documentation. It is allowed to use other types of coating - in accordance with GOST 9.306-85.
(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).
2.8a. Technical requirements for coatings are in accordance with GOST 9.301-86.
(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 3).
2.9. Washers coated with cathodic reduction metal must be dehydrated.
2.10. Height of the ends of the washers h 1 And h 2 after compressing them three times to a flat state and holding them in this state for 24 hours, it should be at least 1.65 of the actual thickness of the washer.
2.9, 2.10.(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).
2.11. The washers should not break or crack when the ends are bent at 45°.
2.12. (Deleted, Amendment No. 3).
3. ACCEPTANCE RULES AND CONTROL METHODS
* GOST R 50779.71-99 is in force on the territory of the Russian Federation.
3.2. From each batch presented for delivery, washers are selected for inspection:
a) appearance;
b) sizes;
c) hardness;
d) viscosity;
e) springy properties;
e) quality of coating.
3.1, 3.2.(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).
3.3. The appearance of the washers is checked by inspection with the naked eye or using a magnifying glass of 2.5 - 3x magnification.
(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).
3.4. The dimensions of the washers are checked with universal measuring tools or gauges certified together with measurement methods in the manner established by GOST 8.010-90 **.
** GOST R 8.563-96 is in force on the territory of the Russian Federation.
3.5. Determination of hardness - according to GOST 9013-59. The distance from the center of the print to the edge of the washer should be equal to half the size " V" The hardness of washers with nominal diameters from 2 to 5 mm is not controlled. For washers with V< 6 мм допускаются заниженные на 10 % значения твердости, при условии выполнения требований пп. 2.10 и 2.11.
3.6. To test toughness, the washer is clamped at one end in a vice, the other end is bent with an adjustable wrench or a lever with a slot in the direction of increasing dimensions. h 1 And h 2 (damn 2, 3, 4). During testing, the size must be maintained h between the jaws of the vice and the key, equal to 0.5 ( d + 2v).
3.7. Testing the spring properties of washers is carried out in the following order:
a) the washers are compressed three times to a flat state;
b) spring washers, at least 10 pieces, separated from each other by flat washers, are put on the bolt shaft of the appropriate diameter and tightened with a nut until the separated ends of the washers are completely compressed.
The washers are kept in this condition for 24 hours.
3.8. Methods for checking the quality of coatings - according to GOST 9.302-88.
3.4-3.8.(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).
3.9. Each batch of washers must be accompanied by a quality document in the established form indicating:
manufacturer's name or trademark,
symbol of washers,
test results,
net batch, kg.
(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 3).
4. PACKAGING AND LABELING
4.1. Temporary anti-corrosion protection, packaging of spring washers and marking of containers - in accordance with GOST 18160-72.
(Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).
APPLICATION
Information
WEIGHT OF STEEL WASHERS AND THEIR SPRING PROPERTIES
|
Nominal thread diameter of bolt, screw, stud |
Theoretical weight 1000 pcs. steel washers, kg |
Calculated elastic force of washers made of steel 65G, N |
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Types of washers |
Types of washers |
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|
Lungs (L) |
Normal (N) |
Heavy (T) |
Extra heavy (OT) |
Lungs (L) |
Normal (N) |
Heavy (T) |
Extra heavy (OT) |
|
Notes:
1. To determine the mass of bronze washers, the mass indicated in the table should be multiplied by a factor of 1.08.
2. The mass and elastic force of washers made with sections corresponding to the standard table are given in parentheses.
GOST 6402-70- spring washer (Grover washer). It is used in conjunction with bolts, self-tapping screws, studs, and other products to increase the area of pressure on the object being pressed and avoid unscrewing of threaded connections.
The GOST 6402 70 washer is made of carbon steel, A2 and A4 stainless steel, brass, and aluminum.
Has two versions. Spring washers GOST 6402-70 Version 1 have straight edges, and version 2 have curved edges.
Analogues and compliance with other standards
An exact analogue of the spring washer GOST 6402-70 version 1 is DIN 127 Form B, and version 2 is the same DIN 127 Form A only. They differ in the maximum outer diameter and thickness. Also, DIN 127 washers regulate sizes from M2 to M100, and GOST 6402-70 from M2 to M48.
Below are the main dimensions and characteristics of grower washers GOST 6402-70 version 1.
Main dimensions of washers GOST 6402-70 Version 1
| For thread size | d1 (max) | d2 (max) | s | h (min.–max.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M2 | 2,35 | 3,49 | 0,5 | 1–1,2 |
| M2.5 | 2,85 | 4,19 | 0,6 | 1,2–1,4 |
| M3 | 3,4 | 5,16 | 0,8 | 1,6–1,9 |
| M3.5 | 3,9 | 6,15 | 1 | 1,6–1,9 |
| M4 | 4,4 | 6,65 | 1 | 1,8–2,1 |
| M5 | 5,4 | 8,05 | 1,2 | 2,4–2,8 |
| M6 | 6,68 | 9,73 | 1,4 | 3,2–3,8 |
| M7 | 7,78 | 12,03 | 2 | 3,2–3,8 |
| M8 | 8,78 | 13,03 | 2 | 4–4,7 |
| M10 | 10,9 | 16,15 | 2,5 | 4,4–5,2 |
| M12 | 12,9 | 19,15 | 3 | 5–5,9 |
| M14 | 14,9 | 21,6 | 3,2 | 6–7,1 |
| M16 | 17 | 24,3 | 3,5 | 7–8,3 |
| M18 | 19,14 | 27,44 | 4 | 7–8,3 |
| M20 | 21,34 | 30,64 | 4,5 | 8–9,4 |
| M22 | 23,34 | 33,64 | 5 | 8–9,4 |
| M24 | 25,34 | 36,64 | 5,5 | 10–11,8 |
| M27 | 28,34 | 40,64 | 6 | 10–11,8 |
| M30 | 31,5 | 44,86 | 6,5 | 12–14,2 |
| M33 | 34,5 | 48,86 | 7 | 13–15 |
| M36 | 37,5 | 53,86 | 8 | 14–16,2 |
| M39 | 40,5 | 57,86 | 8,5 | 15–17,2 |
| M42 | 43,5 | 61,86 | 9 | 16–17,5 |
| M45 | 46,5 | 65,86 | 9,5 | 17–20,5 |
| M48 | 49,5 | 69,93 | 10 | 18–20,5 |
Description of the offer and product characteristics
GOST 6402-70 applies to spring washers for bolts, screws and studs with thread diameters from 2 to 48 mm.Spring washers should be made of four types:
- N - normal with a square cross section;
- T - heavy with a square cross section;
- OT - extra heavy with a square cross section;
- L - lungs with a rectangular cross section.
The design and main dimensions of the washers must correspond to those indicated in the drawing. 1 and in the table.
|
Types of washers |
k, (for washers type L and N), no more |
||||||||||||
|
Light washers (L) |
Normal washers (N) |
Heavy washers (T) |
Extra heavy washers (OT) |
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s |
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Notes:
1. Increase in size is allowed s within 10% of the nominal size.
2. Washers with dimensions enclosed in brackets may be used until 01/01/85 and the letter “y” must be indicated in their designation.
Examples of spring washer symbols version 1 for a bolt, screw, stud with a diameter of 8 mm:
normal steel grade 3Х13 without coating:
Washer 8 3Х13 GOST 6402-70
lightweight steel grade 65G with a cadmium coating 9 microns thick, chromated:
Washer 8L 65G 029 GOST 6402-70
the same, version 2, with dimensions enclosed in brackets:
Washer 2U 8L 65G 029 GOST 6402-70
The mass of steel washers and the calculated elastic force of 65G steel are indicated in the appendix.
Steel spring washers must have a hardness of 41.5-49.5 HRC e (HRC40-48), bronze washers must have a hardness of at least 90 HRB. It is allowed to increase hardness up to 51.5 HRC e (HRC 50) for washers made of steel 70.
The surface of the washers should be free of scale, burrs, cracks and corrosion. Traces of inseparable scale are not a rejection sign.
Defects are allowed in the cut plane that do not affect the performance characteristics of the washers and do not take its dimensions beyond the maximum deviations.
The ends of the washers must have a flat cut; chipping of metal that does not show size T from the maximum deviations, is not a rejection sign.
The edge formed by the cutting plane and the supporting surface of the washer must be sharp.
Trapezoidal cross-section of the washer within the height s is not a defect.
The largest height dimension is taken as the actual thickness s.
Washers must be manufactured uncoated or coated. Types of coatings, their symbols and thicknesses - according to regulatory and technical documentation. It is allowed to use other types of coating - in accordance with GOST 9.306-85.
APPLICATION
Information
WEIGHT OF STEEL WASHERS GOST 6402-70 AND THEIR SPRING PROPERTIES
|
Theoretical weight 1000 pcs. steel washers, kg |
Calculated elastic force of washers made of steel 65G, N |
|||||||
|
Types of washers |
Types of washers |
|||||||
|
Lungs (L) |
Normal (N) |
Heavy (T) |
Extra heavy (OT) |
Lungs (L) |
Normal (N) |
Heavy (T) |
Extra heavy (OT) |
|
Notes:
1. To determine the mass of bronze washers, the mass indicated in the table should be multiplied by a factor of 1.08.
2. The mass and elastic force of washers made with sections corresponding to table are given in parentheses. 1.
Spring washer GOST 6402-70- the configuration of the hardware is an open ring with distortion - a single coil of the spring, the gap in this case is opposite to the direction of tightening the nut. Used in detachable threaded connections together with bolts, screws, nuts, studs.
A spring washer (another name for “grower”) is in demand mostly in the engineering industry, automotive industry, construction, industry - everywhere in connections experiencing strong dynamic loads. Often used for household purposes.
For production, various grades of steel are used - carbon, stainless, for example, 65G, 70, 30X13 (spring steel). 
Bronze and other alloys of non-ferrous metals are used less frequently.
Coating with zinc or cadmium improves the performance characteristics of hardware. For non-aggressive environments it is permissible to use without coating.
The basic requirement for these hardware is that the hardness index must be from 40 HRC and above, bronze products must be at least 90 HRB.
GROVER WASHER - principle of operation, production options
Grover washer is an unacceptable name, according to GOST 27017, for a single-turn spring washer GOST 6402-70, but it has long firmly taken its place. English engineer William Grover invented a new type of fastener in the wake of the rapid growth of various inventions in the 19th century. The result of loads and vibrations that were incredible for mechanics at the time was a problem that was later called “fatigue failure.” Connections secured with conventional threaded fasteners became loose.Grover's invention withstands shock loads while simultaneously acting as a stopper. The principle of operation is based on the operation of an elementary law of physics - with a forward stroke (screwing), the movement of the threaded fastener is unimpeded, with the opposite stroke (unscrewing) - the sharp edge “rests”, stopping the movement due to the friction force.
This hardware is selected with a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the bolt or screw. The groover is located between the nut and the fastening surface or flat washer, or under the head of a bolt or screw. Thus, the threaded connections become strong and safe for a long time.
Standard 6402-70 defines four types:
N - normal - square cross section;
T - heavy - also with a square section;
OT - extra heavy - with a square cross section;
L - light - this type has a rectangular cross section.
We read the designation:
Washer 2 12L 65G 016 GOST 6402-70
The formula indicates execution 2 (execution 1 is not indicated in any way),
12 - for a bolt, screw or stud of the specified diameter,
L - light, steel 65G,
galvanized (01), coating thickness 6 microns.
Production of Grover washers GOST 6402-70 Our company is certified according to the requirements of ISO 9001 - the quality of all types of hardware produced is guaranteed. As a standard, we check all the parameters of each batch: appearance, dimensions, hardness, viscosity, spring properties, coating quality. The price of washers GOST 6402-70 is determined by the material used, type of coating and order volume.
